Valve z'ibinyugunyugu n'amabati y'irembo ni ubwoko bubiri bw'amabati akunze gukoreshwa mu kubungabunga amazi mu nganda no mu migi. Afite itandukaniro rigaragara mu miterere, imikorere n'ikoreshwa. Iyi nkuru izavuga ku itandukaniro riri hagati y'amabati y'ibinyugunyugu n'amabati y'irembo mu buryo burambuye uhereye ku ngingo z'ingenzi, imiterere, ikiguzi, kuramba, amategeko agenga amazi, gushyiraho no kubungabunga.
1. Ihame
Ihame ry'ingufu z'ikinyugunyugu
Ikintu gikomeye cyane cyavalve y'ikinyugunyuguni imiterere yayo yoroshye n'imiterere yayo mito. Ihame ryayo rikora ni uko icyuma cy'urukiramende kizunguruka kizenguruka igiti cya valve nk'umurongo wo hagati kugira ngo kigenzure urujya n'uruza rw'amazi. Igice cy'urukiramende kiba nk'aho kigenzurwa, kandi iyo icyuma cy'urukiramende cyemerewe, gishobora kunyura gusa. Iyo icyuma cy'urukiramende kiba giteganye n'icyerekezo cy'amazi atembera, icyuma cy'urukiramende kiba gifunguye neza; iyo icyuma cy'urukiramende gihagaze neza ku cyerekezo cy'amazi atembera, icyuma cy'urukiramende kiba gifunze neza. Igihe cyo gufungura no gufunga icyuma cy'urukiramende ni gito cyane, kuko gikenera gusa dogere 90 zo kuzenguruka kugira ngo kirangize igikorwa cyose cyo gufungura cyangwa gufunga. Iyi ni nayo mpamvu ari icyuma gizunguruka na icyuma gizunguruka kimwe cya kane.
Ihame rya Valve y'Irembo
Igipande cy'amashanyarazi cyavalve y'iremboIzamuka ikanamanuka ihagaze igana ku gice cy'imvange. Iyo irembo rizamutse neza, umwobo w'imbere w'igice cy'imvange urafunguka neza kandi amazi ashobora kunyuramo nta nkomyi; iyo irembo rimaze kumanurwa neza, amazi arafunze burundu. Imiterere ya valve y'imvange ituma nta bushobozi ifite bwo guhangana n'amazi iyo ifunguye neza, bityo ikaba ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo busaba gufungura neza cyangwa gufunga neza. Aha hagomba gushimangirwa ko valve y'imvange ikwiriye gufungura neza no gufunga neza! Ariko, valve y'imvange ifite umuvuduko muto wo gusubiza, ni ukuvuga ko igihe cyo gufungura no gufunga ari kirekire, kuko bisaba gusimburana kenshi kugira ngo uzunguruke igikoresho cy'amaboko cyangwa cy'imvange kugira ngo ufunguke neza kandi ufunge neza.
2. Imiterere
Imiterere ya valve y'ikinyugunyugu
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, imiterere ya valve y'ikinyugunyugu iroroshye cyane, harimo ibice by'ingenzi nk'umubiri wa valve, plate ya valve, shaft ya valve, intebe ya valve n'umuyoboro wayo. Nkuko bigaragara ku ishusho iri hepfo.
Igice cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso:
Igice cy'agakingirizo k'agakingirizo k'ikinyugunyugu gifite uruziga kandi gifite umuyoboro uhagaze imbere. Igice cy'agakingirizo gishobora gukorwa mu bikoresho bitandukanye, nk'icyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye, icyuma kidashonga, icyuma cya karuboni, umuringa wa aluminiyumu, nibindi. Birumvikana ko guhitamo ibikoresho biterwa n'aho agakingirizo k'ikinyugunyugu gakoreshwa ndetse n'imiterere y'icyuma gikoreshwa.
Icyapa cy'ingufu:
Agace k'aga ...
Urufatiro rw'ingufu:
Uruti rwa valve ruhuza plaque ya valve n'umuyoboro wayo, kandi rushinzwe kohereza torque kugira ngo izunguruke plaque ya valve. Uruti rwa valve ubusanzwe rukorwa mu cyuma kitagira umugese 420 cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bikomeye kugira ngo rukomere kandi rurambe bihagije.
Intebe ya value:
Intebe y'agakingirizo ishyizwe mu mwobo w'imbere w'agakingirizo kandi igakora ku isahani y'agakingirizo kugira ngo ikore agakingirizo kugira ngo irebe ko icyo gikoresho kidasohoka iyo agakingirizo gafunze. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwo gufunga: agakingirizo koroshye n'agakingirizo gakomeye. Agakingirizo koroshye gafite ubushobozi bwo gufunga neza. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo kabutike, PTFE, nibindi, bikunze gukoreshwa mu gakingirizo k'ibinyugunyugu ko hagati. Agakingirizo gakomeye kabereye ahantu hashyuha cyane n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo SS304+Flexible Graphite, nibindi, bikunze gukoreshwa muriuturindantoki dutatu tw'ibinyugunyugu twinshi.
Umukozi ushinzwe gukora:
Actuator ikoreshwa mu kuyobora inkingi ya valve kugira ngo izenguruke. Ubwoko bukunze gukoreshwa ni intoki, amashanyarazi, umwuka cyangwa hydraulic. Actuator zikoreshwa n'intoki akenshi zikoreshwa n'udukoresho cyangwa vitesi, mu gihe actuator zikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi, umwuka n'amazi zishobora gukoresha remote control no gukora mu buryo bwikora.
Imiterere y'amavali y'irembo
Imiterere ya valve y'irembo iragoye cyane. Uretse umubiri wa valve, plaque ya valve, umugozi wa valve, intebe ya valve n'ikiyikoresho cyo kuyipakira, hari kandi no gupakira, igipfundikizo cya valve, nibindi (reba ishusho iri hepfo)
Igice cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso:
Igice cy'agakingirizo k'agakingirizo gasanzwe gafite ishusho nk'iy'umugozi cyangwa imiterere nk'iy'agakingirizo, gifite umuyoboro ugororotse imbere. Ibikoresho by'agakingirizo ahanini ni icyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma kitagira umugese, umuringa, nibindi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibikoresho bikwiye bigomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe imiterere y'ikoreshwa.
Igipfukisho cya valune:
Umupfundikizo wa valve uhujwe n'umubiri wa valve kugira ngo habeho umwobo ufunze wa valve. Akenshi haba hari agasanduku ko gushyiramo ibintu ku gipfundikizo cya valve kugira ngo hashyirweho gupakira no gufunga igice cy'umupfundikizo.
Intebe y'irembo + valve:
Irembo ni igice cyo gufungura no gufunga cya valve y'irembo, ubusanzwe mu ishusho y'agace gato. Irembo rishobora kuba irembo rimwe cyangwa imiterere y'irembo ribiri. Valve y'irembo dukunze gukoresha ni irembo rimwe. Ibikoresho by'irembo bya valve y'irembo irabagirana ni GGG50 itwikiriwe na rubber, kandi irembo rya valve y'irembo ifunga cyane ni ibikoresho by'umubiri + umuringa cyangwa icyuma kitagira umugese.
Urufatiro rw'ingufu:
Uruti rw'imvange ruhuza irembo n'icyuma gitera imbaraga, kandi rukazamura irembo hejuru no hasi binyuze mu buryo bwo kohereza imigozi. Ibikoresho by'imvange muri rusange ni ibikoresho bikomeye cyane nka icyuma kitagira umugozi cyangwa icyuma cya karuboni. Dukurikije uko imvange y'imvange igenda, imvange z'imvange zishobora kugabanywamo imvange z'imvange zizamuka n'imvange z'imvange zidazamuka. Uruti rw'imvange rw'imvange rw'imvange ruzamuka ruri hanze y'umubiri w'imvange, kandi imiterere y'imvange ifunguye n'ifunze igaragara neza; imvange y'imvange y'imvange idazamuka iri imbere mu mubiri w'imvange, imiterere yayo ni ntoya, kandi umwanya wo kuyishyiraho ni muto ugereranyije n'uwa vange y'imvange izamuka.
Gupakira:
Ipaki iri mu gasanduku ko gushyiramo ibintu mu gipfundikizo cya valve, gakoreshwa mu gufunga icyuho kiri hagati y'umugozi wa valve n'igipfundikizo cya valve kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ava hagati. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gupakira birimo grafiti, PTFE, asbestos, nibindi. Ipaki ishyirwamo ibintu bikandagirana n'igipfundikizo kugira ngo ikore neza.
Umukozi ushinzwe gukora:
• Ipine y'amaboko ni yo ikoreshwa cyane n'intoki, iyobora uburyo bwo kohereza umugozi w'impande z'amaboko binyuze mu kuzunguruka ipine y'amaboko kugira ngo izamure ijye hejuru kandi imanuke. Ku mapine y'amarembo afite umurambararo munini cyangwa afite umuvuduko mwinshi, actuators z'amashanyarazi, iz'umwuka cyangwa iz'amazi zikunze gukoreshwa kugira ngo zigabanye imbaraga z'imikorere no kwihutisha umuvuduko wo gufungura no gufunga. Birumvikana ko iyi ari indi ngingo. Niba ushishikajwe, reba ingingoNi kangahe uhinduranya kugira ngo ufunge valve y'ikinyugunyuguBitwara igihe kingana iki?
3. Ikiguzi
Igiciro cya Valve y'Ikinyugunyugu
Udupira tw’ibinyugunyugu akenshi turahendutse ugereranije n’udupira tw’irembo. Ibi biterwa nuko udupira tw’ibinyugunyugu dufite uburebure bugufi, tudakenera ibikoresho byinshi, kandi dufite uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora. Byongeye kandi, udupira tw’ibinyugunyugu tworoshye, ibyo bikaba bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gutwara no gushyiraho. Inyungu ku giciro cy’udupira tw’ibinyugunyugu igaragara cyane cyane mu miyoboro minini.
Igiciro cya Valve y'Irembo
Igiciro cyo gukora za valve zo mu rugi akenshi kiba kiri hejuru, cyane cyane iyo zikoreshwa mu buryo bunini cyangwa bukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi. Imiterere ya valve zo mu rugi iragoye, kandi uburyo bwo gukora neza ibyuma byo mu rugi n'intebe zo mu rugi ni bwinshi, ibyo bikaba bisaba ibikorwa byinshi n'igihe mu gihe cyo gukora. Byongeye kandi, valve zo mu rugi ziremereye cyane, ibyo bikaba byongera ikiguzi cyo gutwara no gushyiramo.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru, kuri DN100 imwe, valve y'irembo ni nini cyane kurusha valve y'ikinyugunyugu.
4. Kuramba
Uburyo Valve y'Ikinyugunyugu Iramba
Kuramba kwa valves z'ibinyugunyugu biterwa n'intebe ya valves zayo n'ibikoresho bya valves. By'umwihariko, ibikoresho byo gufunga valves z'ibinyugunyugu bifunze neza akenshi bikozwe muri rubber, PTFE cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byoroshye, bishobora kwangirika cyangwa bigasaza mu gihe kirekire bikoreshwa. Birumvikana ko ibikoresho byo gufunga valves z'ibinyugunyugu bifunze cyane bikozwe mu bikoresho by'ubukorano cyangwa seriveri z'icyuma, bityo kuramba kwarushijeho kwiyongera.
Muri rusange, valve z'ibinyugunyugu ziramba neza mu buryo bukoresha umuvuduko muto n'ubushyuhe buringaniye, ariko imikorere yo kuzifunga ishobora kugabanuka mu buryo bukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Ni ngombwa kandi kuvuga ko uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu dushobora gutandukanya icyo kintu binyuze mu gupfunyika igice cy’umubiri w’uturindantoki n’intebe y’uturindantoki kugira ngo umubiri w’uturindantoki udakwirakwira. Muri icyo gihe, igice cy’uturindantoki gishobora gushyirwamo kabutike kandi gitwikiriwe neza na fluorine, ibyo bikaba birushaho gutuma kiramba neza mu buryo butuma ibintu bibora.
Uburyo bwo kuramba bw'ama-valve yo mu irembo
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikimenyetso cy'intebe gikozwe mu buryo bwa elastic kiriho ikibazo kimwe n'icy'ibinyugunyugu, ni ukuvuga kwangirika no gusaza mu gihe cyo gukoreshwa. Ariko, ibinyugunyugu by'amarembo bifunze neza bikora neza mu bidukikije birimo umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubera ko ubuso bwo gufunga bwa valve y'amarembo kuva ku cyuma kugera ku cyuma bufite ubudahangarwa bwinshi bwo kwangirika no kudahangarwa, ubusanzwe igihe cyayo cyo kuyikoresha kiba kirekire.
Ariko, irembo rya valve y'irembo rifatwa byoroshye n'imyanda iri mu cyuma, ibyo bikaba byagira ingaruka ku kuramba kwaryo.
Byongeye kandi, imiterere yayo n'imiterere yayo bigaragaza ko bigoye gukora umugozi wuzuye, bityo kuri iyo mashini imwe ihumanya, yaba ikozwe mu byuma byose cyangwa umugozi wuzuye, igiciro cyayo kiri hejuru cyane kurusha icya valve y'irembo.
5. Kugenzura uburyo amazi anyuramo
Kugenzura uburyo valve y'ibinyugunyugu itembera
Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite imirasire itatu ishobora guhindura uburyo amazi agenda mu buryo butandukanye, ariko umurongo wayo ugaragaza uburyo amazi agendamo ntabwo ugororotse, cyane cyane iyo valve yegereye gufungura neza, uburyo amazi agendamo burahinduka cyane. Kubwibyo, valve y'ikinyugunyugu ikwiriye gusa ahantu hadafite ibisabwa byo guhindura neza, bitabaye ibyo, valve y'umupira ishobora gutoranywa.
Kugenzura uburyo valve y'irembo igenda
Valve y'irembo yagenewe kuba nziza kurushaho mu bikorwa byo gufungura cyangwa gufunga byuzuye, ariko ntabwo ari iyo kugenzura amazi atembera. Iyo igice cy'irembo kidafunguye, irembo rizatuma amazi ahindagurika kandi anyeganyega, ibyo bikaba byoroshye kwangiza intebe y'irembo n'irembo.
6. Gushyiraho
Gushyiraho valve y'ibinyugunyugu
Gushyiraho valve y'ibinyugunyugu biroroshye cyane. Ni yoroshye mu buremere, bityo ntikenera inkunga nyinshi mu gihe cyo kuyishyiraho; ifite imiterere mito, bityo ikaba ikwiriye cyane mu bihe bifite umwanya muto.
Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ishobora gushyirwa ku miyoboro mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose (cy'ubugari cyangwa gihagaze), kandi nta tegeko rikomeye rigenga icyerekezo cy'amazi mu muyoboro. Icyitonderwa ni uko mu gihe cyo gushyiraho umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa munini, icyapa cy'ikinyugunyugu kigomba kuba gifunguye neza mu gihe cyo gushyiraho kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw'ikimenyetso.
Gushyiraho valve zo mu irembo
Gushyiraho valve z'irembo biragoye cyane, cyane cyane valve nini z'irembo kandi zifunze neza. Kubera uburemere bwinshi bwa valve z'irembo, hakenewe inkunga y'inyongera no kuzishyiraho mu gihe cyo kuzishyiraho kugira ngo valve ikomeze guhagarara neza kandi umutekano w'uwazishyizeho ukomeze.
Ubusanzwe, ama-valve y'irembo ashyirwa ku miyoboro itambitse, kandi icyerekezo cy'amazi kigomba kwitabwaho kugira ngo habeho gushyirwaho neza. Byongeye kandi, inzira yo gufungura no gufunga ama-valve y'irembo ni ndende, cyane cyane ku ma-valve y'irembo azamuka, kandi hagomba kubikwa umwanya uhagije wo gukoresha ipine y'intoki.
7. Kubungabunga no kubungabunga
Kubungabunga uturindantoki tw'ibinyugunyugu
Valve z'ibinyugunyugu zifite ibice bike kandi byoroshye gusenya no guteranya, bityo biroroshye kuzibungabunga. Mu kubungabunga buri munsi, ahanini harebwa uko plaque ya valve n'intebe ya valve isaza nibyo bigenzurwa. Iyo impeta yo gufunga igaragaye ko yashaje cyane, igomba gusimburwa ku gihe. Kubwibyo, turasaba abakiriya kugura valves zoroshye zo mu mugongo zishobora gusimburwa. Niba ubuso bw'plaque ya valve bugoye kugera ku ngaruka nziza zo kuyifunga, nayo igomba gusimburwa.
Byongeye kandi, hari uburyo igiti cy'uruvange gitera imbaraga. Uburyo bwiza bwo gusiga imbaraga bufasha mu koroshya no kuramba kw'imikorere y'uruvange rw'uruvange.
Kubungabunga amabati y'irembo
Amavali y'irembo afite ibice byinshi kandi biragoye kuyasesa no kuyateranya, cyane cyane mu miyoboro minini, aho akazi ko kubungabunga kaba ari kenshi. Mu gihe cyo kuyasana, hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane niba irembo rizamurwa rikanamanurwa neza ndetse niba hari ibintu by'inyuma mu mwobo w'umubiri w'amavali.
Niba ubuso bufatanye bw'intebe ya valve n'irembo byarashwanyaguritse cyangwa byarashaje, bigomba gusimbuzwa cyangwa gusimbuzwa. Birumvikana ko amavuta yo gusiga ku gice cy'inyuma cy'i valve nayo ari ngombwa.
Hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane kubungabunga ipaki kurusha valve y'ibinyugunyugu. Gupfunyika valve y'irembo bikoreshwa mu gufunga icyuho kiri hagati y'umugongo wa valve n'igice cy'ipaki kugira ngo hirindwe ko imashini isohoka. Gusaza no kwangirika kw'ipaki ni ibibazo bikunze kugaragara kuri valve y'irembo. Mu gihe cyo kuyitunganya, ni ngombwa kugenzura buri gihe uburyo ipaki ipfunyitsemo no kuyihindura cyangwa kuyisimbuza bibaye ngombwa.
8. Umwanzuro
Muri make, valve z'ibinyugunyugu n'ibyerekezo bifite ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo mu bijyanye n'imikorere, ikiguzi, kuramba, uburyo bwo gutembera no gushyiraho:
1. Ihame: Valve z'ibinyugunyugu zifite umuvuduko wo gufungura no gufunga vuba kandi zikwiriye igihe cyo gufungura no gufunga vuba; valve z'irembo zifite igihe kirekire cyo gufungura no gufunga.
2. Imiterere: Udukingirizo tw'ibinyugunyugu dufite imiterere yoroshye naho utwugarizo tw'irembo dufite imiterere igoye.
3. Igiciro: Valve z'ibinyugunyugu zifite igiciro gito, cyane cyane iyo zikoreshwa mu buryo bunini; valve z'irembo zifite igiciro kinini, cyane cyane iyo zikoreshwa mu buryo bukabije cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye.
4. Kuramba: Valve z'ibinyugunyugu ziramba neza mu buryo bukoresha umuvuduko muto n'ubushyuhe buringaniye; valve z'irembo zikora neza mu buryo bukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ariko gufungura no gufunga kenshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwazo.
5. Kugenzura uburyo amazi anyura: Amavali y'ibinyugunyugu akwiriye gukoreshwa mu kugenzura uburyo amazi anyuramo mu buryo butunguranye; amavali y'irembo akwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo bufunguye cyangwa bufunze neza.
6. Gushyiraho: Amavali y'ibinyugunyugu biroroshye gushyiraho kandi akoreshwa ku miyoboro igororotse n'ihagaze; amavali y'irembo aragoye gushyiraho kandi akwiriye gushyirwaho imiyoboro itambitse.
7. Kubungabunga: Kubungabunga valve z'ibinyugunyugu byibanda ku gusaza no kwangirika kw'ikibaho cy'imvange n'intebe y'imvange, ndetse n'uburyo imvange y'imvange ikora. Uretse ibi, valve y'irembo nayo igomba kubungabunga uburyo ipakiye.
Mu bikorwa bifatika, guhitamo valves z'ibinyugunyugu cyangwa valves z'amarembo bigomba gusuzumwa neza hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye y'akazi n'ibisabwa kugira ngo harebwe imikorere myiza n'amafaranga ahendutse.