1. Intangirirokuri balve z'ibinyugunyugu
1.1. Ibisobanuro n'Imikorere y'ibanze
A valve y'ikinyugunyuguni igikoresho kigenzura uburyo umuyoboro utembera. Kigenzurwa no kuzunguruka disiki mu nshuro ya kane. Ubusanzwe gikoreshwa mu bikorwa aho gifunga vuba.
1.2. Amateka y'amavaluve y'ibinyugunyugu
Udupira tw’ibinyugunyugu dushobora gukururwa kuva mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 19. Icyitegererezo cy’udupira tw’ibinyugunyugu twa none cyavutse hagati mu kinyejana cya 20. Nyuma y’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo y’iterambere, cyabaye igisubizo cyiza cyo kugenzura itangazamakuru mu nganda zitandukanye.
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya valves z'ibinyugunyugu ntiryahagaze. Mu gihe kizaza, valves z'ibinyugunyugu zizaba zoroshye kandi ziciriritse. Zishobora no gukoreshwa mu bihe bikomeye (nk'umuvuduko mwinshi cyane n'ubushyuhe buke cyane). Wenda zishobora gukoreshwa mu mikoreshereze mishya mu bijyanye n'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, nko mu ngufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ingufu z'umuyaga n'imishinga y'ingufu za hydrogen green.
1.3. Gukoresha Valve z'Ibinyugunyugu mu Nganda Zitandukanye
1.3.1. Gutunganya no Gukwirakwiza Amazi
Mu nganda zitunganya amazi no mu buryo bwo kuyakwirakwiza, uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu ni ingenzi cyane. Bigenzura neza kandi bigatandukanya amazi yo kunywa. Ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kugabanya umuvuduko muke no kuziba impande zombi ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gutuma amazi ahora atangwa.
1.3.2. Sisitemu za HVAC
Mu buryo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha (HVAC), uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu dukoreshwa mu kugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’amazi. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora ikoranabuhanga butuma tuba dukwiye kugenzura uburyo bwo gukonjesha n’amazi ashyushye.
1.3.3. Ibimera bya shimi na peteroli
Valve eshatu zikoreshwa mu gutunganya no gukwirakwiza ibinyabutabire zikora neza zishobora gufata imiti myinshi itandukanye, harimo n'amazi yangiza n'ayoroshye. Ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukora ku bushyuhe bukabije n'umuvuduko w'amazi butuma zikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye nko gutunganya, kubika no gutanga imiti.
1.3.4. Inganda za peteroli na gaze
Inganda zikora peteroli na gaze zikoresha uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu mu bikorwa nko gushyira mu mwanya imiyoboro, kugenzura uburyo amazi anyuramo, no gukoresha uburyo bwo gufunga ibigega. Kuba uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu duhuye n’ibikoresho bitandukanye bituma bikora neza mu nganda zikora peteroli na gaze.
1.3.5. Gutunganya ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa
Isuku ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gutunganya ibiryo n'ibinyobwa. Utwuma tw'ibinyugunyugu dufite imiterere y'isuku n'ubuso busesuye dushobora gukoreshwa mu kubungabunga isuku no gukumira ubwandu mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibinyobwa nk'imitobe, ibikomoka ku mata, n'ibinyobwa. Ibyuma byombi byemewe na Wras na Stainless Steel bishobora kuzuza ibi bipimo.
1.3.6. Ubuyobozi bw'ubwato n'ubwubatsi bw'amato
Amavali y'ibinyugunyugu ya aluminiyumu akozwe mu buryo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo gukamura ibyuma, amazi akonjesha, n'imiyoboro ya lisansi. Ibikoresho by'amavali y'ibinyugunyugu birwanya ingese bituma aba meza mu bidukikije bikomeye byo mu mazi.
1.3.7. Inganda zitanga amashanyarazi
Mu nganda zitanga amashanyarazi, uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu dukoreshwa mu buryo bwo gukonjesha, imiyoboro y’umwuka, no mu buryo bwo gusohora imyuka ihumanya. Bishobora gufata amazi ashyushye cyane n’ubushyuhe bwinshi.
1.3.8. Inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye
Utwuma tw’ibinyugunyugu ni ingenzi mu gucunga imyanda, umwuka n’amazi atembera mu bigo bisukura amazi yanduye.
1.3.9. Inganda z'ibinyampeke n'impapuro
Inganda zikora impumuro n'impapuro zungukira mu mikorere y'udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu nko guteka impumuro, gusibanganya uruhu, no kugarura imiti. Ubudahangarwa bwazo ku mpumuro n'imiti byongerera imikorere myiza no kumara igihe kirekire.
2. Kubaka Valve y'Ikinyugunyugu
2.1. Ibice bigize Valve y'Ikinyugunyugu
Ibice by'ingenzi birimo:
Umubiri w'ingufu: Inzu icumbikiye ibindi bice by'imbere.
Disiki ya vali: Ifungura kandi igafunga izunguruka dogere 90.
Igiti: Gihuza disiki na actuator.
Intebe: Itanga agafunga kugira ngo idasohoka.
2.2. Ubwoko bw'udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu dushingiye ku miterere
Ubwoko bwa wafer: Ishyirwa hagati y'ibice by'umuyoboro kandi igashyirwaho bolts.
Ubwoko bw'agakoresho: Ikoresha utubuto tw'imigozi mu gushyiraho.
Ubwoko bwa Flange: Ifite flange ebyiri kandi ishyirwa hamwe n'umuyoboro.
2.3. Ibikoresho bya valve z'ibinyugunyugu
Umubiri: Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma kitagira umugese cyangwa icyuma cya karuboni.
Disiki: Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma (gikozwe muri nikeli, nayiloni, PTFE, na EPDM, nibindi), WCB, icyuma kitagira umugese, umuringa.
Intebe: Rubber, Teflon cyangwa icyuma.
3. Ihame ry'imikorere ya valve y'ibinyugunyugu
3.1. Imikorere ya valve y'ibinyugunyugu
Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ikora izunguza disiki ishyizwe ku gice cyo hagati. Aho disiki iherereye niho hagena uburyo amazi anyura.
3.2. Ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo gutwara valve z'ibinyugunyugu
Ikoreshwa n'intoki: Ikoreshwa n'igikoresho cyo gufata n'imashini yo gukurura inzoka.
Pneumatic: Ikoresha umwuka ufunze.
Amashanyarazi: Agenzurwa na moteri y'amashanyarazi.
Hydraulic: Iterwa n'umuvuduko w'amazi (udakunze gukoreshwa cyane).
3.3. Ibyiza n'imbogamizi bya valves z'ibinyugunyugu
Ibyiza: igishushanyo mbonera gito (uburebure bw'inyubako ngufi), igiciro gito (ibikoresho bike), gukora vuba (guhinduranya dogere 90).
Imbogamizi: Utwuma tw'ibinyugunyugu ntidushobora gukoreshwa mu guca uduce dukomeye cyane, amazi acucitse n'imyanda ya fibre.
3.4. Ubwoko bw'udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu
3.4.1 Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ihamye yo kwicaraho
Ibiranga: Intebe ya valve muri rusange ikozwe mu bikoresho bya elastic nka rubber na PTFE, kandi agafunga kaba gakomeye.
Ikoreshwa: umuvuduko muke n'ubushyuhe buke.
3.4.2.Valve y'ibinyugunyugu ikora neza cyane (valve y'ibinyugunyugu ifite ibice bibiri)
Ibiranga: Igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyuma cy'imashini, giramba.
Ikoreshwa: sisitemu z'umuvuduko muto n'uringaniye.
3.4.3. Valve y'ibinyugunyugu itatu ikoreshwa mu gupima
Ibiranga: Iseti y'intebe y'icyuma idahindagurika.
Ikoreshwa: ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko ukabije.
4. Gushyiraho no kubungabunga valve z'ibinyugunyugu
4.1 Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho valve z'ibinyugunyugu
Funguravalve y'ikinyugunyuguisahani ku nguni ya dogere 0-90.
Menya neza ko ufata ahantu hahagije ho gutandukanya n'ibindi bice.
Menya neza ko icyuma gikingira umuyoboro kidakora ku mugozi.
Genzura neza aho disiki izunguruka kandi ikagenda neza.
4.2. Gutunganya buri munsi imiyoboro y'ibinyugunyugu
Reba niba yasaze hanyuma usimbuze niba bibaye ngombwa.
Siga amavuta ku bice byimuka uko bikenewe.
4.3. Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara mu gukemura ibibazo n'ibisubizo
Gusohoka kw'amazi: Reba neza ubwiza bw'intebe.
Yafatiriwe: Sukura imyanda y'aho bicara kandi urebe neza ko amavuta ahagije.
5. Kugereranya n'ubundi bwoko bwa valve
5.1 Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ugereranije na valve y'umupira
Valve y'ikinyugunyugu: Yoroshye kandi ntoya.
Valve y'umupira: Ikwiriye cyane kugira ngo igere ku mugozi wose, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'amazi afite imiterere y'imitsi n'imitsi.
5.2. Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ugereranije na valve y'irembo
Valve y'ikinyugunyugu: Ikora vuba.
Valve y'irembo: Ikwiriye cyane mu gufungura no gufunga byuzuye.