1. Ibisobanuro muri make
Birazwi neza koikinyugunyuguzikora neza cyane, zishushanya mubishushanyo kandi bikoresha amafaranga menshi, bityo bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye. Ariko, nkibikoresho byose byubukanishi, ibinyugunyugu nabyo birashobora kunanirwa. Kunanirwa bigabanijwemo kuvuka no kubona. Ubusembwa bwavutse muri rusange bwerekeza ku nenge zo gukora, nko gukomera kutaringaniye cyangwa gucikamo intebe ya valve. Inenge zabonetse mubisanzwe zikomoka kubibazo bitandukanye bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere. Kumeneka mubisanzwe biterwa na kashe yambarwa, kwishyiriraho nabi cyangwa kwangiza imashini. Ruswa n'ingese birashobora kwangiza ibice bya valve, biganisha ku kunanirwa. Ikidodo kidahagije kubera kutabangikanya ibintu cyangwa ibibazo bya actuator birashobora kongera ibibazo byimikorere. Kubwibyo, gusobanukirwa ibibazo bishobora guterwa nibinyugunyugu no kwemeza ubuzima bwa serivisi no kwizerwa byikinyugunyugu binyuze mugushiraho neza, kubungabunga buri gihe no gusana ku gihe ni ngombwa.
2. Ibibazo bisanzwe hamwe na kinyugunyugu
Kubyerekeranye no kuvuka kubyara inenge yikinyugunyugu, zfaikinyugunyuguyakoze iterambere, kuzamura no kwirinda mugushushanya, tekinoroji yumusaruro no gukoresha ibikoresho nyuma yimyaka 18 yubushakashatsi budacogora. Kandi buri kinyugunyugu kizageragezwa mbere yo kuva mu ruganda, kandi ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibyangombwa ntibisohoka mu ruganda.
Gukoresha ibikoresho bidakwiranye n'amazi yihariye cyangwa gaze ikoreshwa birashobora gutera kwangirika hakiri kare ibice bya valve. Byongeye kandi, kwangiza imashini, nkingaruka, umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa isuri, birashobora kwangiza ibice byimbere bya valve, bikarushaho gukaza umurego ibibazo byo kumeneka.
Hanyuma, gukora inenge nko gutera amakosa cyangwa gutunganya nabi birashobora guhungabanya ubusugire bwimiterere ya valve. Izi nenge akenshi zitera ubuso butaringaniye cyangwa uduce tubuza gufunga neza.
Ibikurikira nimpamvu nigisubizo cyinenge zabonetse.
2.1 Ikinyugunyugu kiva
Ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu nikibazo gisanzwe gishobora guhagarika imikorere, kugabanya imikorere, kandi bishobora guteza akaga.
2.1.1 Impamvu zitera kumeneka
Hariho ibintu byinshi bitera ikinyugunyugu kiva. Impuguke Huang yigeze kuvuga iti: "Ikidodo cyangiritse, kwishyiriraho nabi no kudahuza ibikoresho ni byo bitera intandaro yo kumeneka kw'ikinyugunyugu. Gukemura ibyo bibazo hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryiza no guhitamo ibikoresho birashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kumeneka."
Ikidodo cyangiritse
Igihe kirenze, kashe izambara kubera guterana amagambo, kurakara mubitangazamakuru cyangwa ubushyuhe burenze urugero. Ibi bizabangamira ubushobozi bwo gufunga ikinyugunyugu.
* Kwinjiza nabi
Kudahuza cyangwa gukomera bidakwiye mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, imbaraga zingana, nibindi birashobora guca intege ubunyangamugayo. Kuzenguruka kenshi cyangwa imyanya ifunguye / gufunga nabi birashobora kandi gutera umuvuduko ukabije kuri kashe, bishobora kwihutisha kunanirwa.
* Guhitamo ibikoresho bidakwiye
Kurugero, ubushyuhe buke bwibidukikije bwagombye kuba bwarahisemo LCC ariko ikoresha WCB. Iki nikibazo, kandi ntabwo arikibazo. Nibyingenzi kugura valve kubabikora bafite uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Kugirango wirinde ibibazo bijyanye ninganda, cyangwa niba utazi neza iboneza rya kinyugunyugu risaba, siga iki kibazo kubakora umwuga wo gukora ibinyugunyugu wabigize umwuga-ZFA kugirango bigufashe guhitamo. ZFA yemeza ko valve yujuje ubuziranenge bwinganda, bityo bikagabanya amahirwe yinenge.
2.1.2 Umuti wo kumeneka
Gukemura ibibazo bitemba bisaba guhuza ingamba zo gukumira no gukosora.
* Gahunda yo kubungabunga buri gihe
Ubugenzuzi bugomba kumenya kashe yangiritse cyangwa ibyangiritse byangiritse hakiri kare kugirango bisimburwe mugihe.
Kwoza valve no gukuraho imyanda birashobora kandi gukumira kwambara bitari ngombwa.
* Gukosora tekinike yo kwishyiriraho
Guhuza neza na valve no gukomera kuri bolts ukurikije amabwiriza yakozwe nuwabikoze birashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kumeneka.
Shyiramo ibihindu unyuze mu mwobo wa flange ya kinyugunyugu n'umuyoboro. Menya neza ko ikinyugunyugu gihuza neza n'umuyoboro. Hanyuma, komeza Bolt imwe.
Uburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyiriraho burashobora kurushaho kunoza ubwizerwe.
Ibisobanuro nyamuneka sura iyi ngingo:https://www.zfavalve.com/uburyo-gushiraho-a-ibinyugunyugu-valve/
* Guhindura imikorere
Kugenzura niba valve ikora murwego rwateganijwe rwumuvuduko bigabanya guhangayikishwa na kashe nibindi bice.
2.2 Kwambara ibice bya valve
Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi: "Ibintu nko guterana amagambo, kwangirika, isuri ndetse n’imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe bukabije birashobora kugabanya imikorere y’ibice byingenzi bya valve, biganisha ku kumeneka no kudakora neza."
Kwambara ibice byikinyugunyugu nibisubizo bisanzwe byo gukoresha igihe kirekire kandi byanze bikunze. Ariko, gusobanukirwa ibitera hanyuma ugashyira mubikorwa neza kwirinda birashobora kugabanya cyane ingaruka ziki kibazo kandi bikongerera igihe cya serivisi ya valve.
2.2.1 Impamvu zo kwambara
Hariho ibintu byinshi bitera kwambara ibice byikinyugunyugu.
* Ubuvanganzo
Ubuvanganzo nimwe mubitera. Guhuza guhuza hagati ya disiki ya valve nintebe ya valve mugihe cyo gukora bitera guterana amagambo, bigenda byambara buhoro buhoro bikangiza ibikoresho. Iri suri rigabanya ubushobozi bwa valve kugumana kashe ikwiye.
Hariho kandi isuri iterwa n'amazi yihuta cyane cyangwa ibice byangiza byanyuze muri disiki ya valve na intebe ya valve. Ibi bice bizakubita hejuru yimbere ya valve, buhoro buhoro kwambara no kugabanya imikorere yabyo.
Ruswa
Guhura nibitangazamakuru hamwe nibidukikije hamwe nimiti ikaze cyangwa ubuhehere bizangiza ibice byicyuma. Igihe kirenze, iyi ruswa izatera ubushobozi bwa kashe ya valve gucika intege kugeza igihe isohotse.
* Kwinjiza nabi
Valve kudahuza cyangwa icyerekezo cya valve kitari cyo bizongera umuvuduko kubigize kandi bitera kwambara kutaringaniye.
* Amakosa yo gukora
Kurenza urugero cyangwa gukoresha valve birenze umuvuduko wacyo birashobora no kwangirika imburagihe.
* Imihindagurikire y'ubushyuhe
Imihindagurikire nini kandi kenshi mubushyuhe bwo hagati mugihe gito gishobora gutera kwaguka inshuro nyinshi no kugabanuka kwibintu, bishobora gutera gucika cyangwa umunaniro wibintu.
2.2.2 Kwambara ibisubizo
* Indangagaciro nziza-nziza ziva mubikorwa byizewe
Icyibanze, ikinyugunyugu cyiza-cyiza kirashobora kugabanya kwambara kare. Kuberako iyi kinyugunyugu ikozwe mubikoresho biramba kandi ikora neza, amahirwe yo kwangirika imburagihe aragabanuka.
Ubugenzuzi busanzwe
Kugenzura neza bigomba kwibanda ku kuvumbura ibimenyetso byambere byo kwambara, nko kunanuka cyangwa kwangiriza intebe ya valve, kwambara cyangwa guhindura isahani ya valve, nibindi. Gusimbuza mugihe cyibice byashaje birashobora kwirinda ko byangirika.
* Kwinjiza neza
Guhuza neza na valve no kwitondera ibintu nkicyerekezo cyogutemba hamwe nicyerekezo cyicyerekezo gishobora kugabanya imihangayiko idakenewe kubigize. Amabwiriza yo gushiraho no gukora amabwiriza arashobora gukurikizwa.
2.3 Ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu
Ruswa nikibazo gikomeye kibangamira imikorere nubuzima bwikinyugunyugu. Ruswa igabanya ibice byingenzi kandi biganisha kuri sisitemu yo kunanirwa.
2.3.1 Impamvu zitera ruswa
Hariho ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ikinyugunyugu kangirika.
* Guhura n'imiti
Imyanda ikorera mubidukikije hamwe nimiti yangirika (nka acide cyangwa base) akenshi ihura na ruswa yihuse.
Ibidukikije bitose
Guhura n'amazi cyangwa ubuhehere bwinshi mugihe kinini birashobora gutera ibice byicyuma okiside, biganisha ku ngese. Ibi nibibazo cyane cyane mumibande ikozwe mubyuma bya karubone, idafite imbaraga zo kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma cyangwa ibindi bivanze.
Isuri-ruswa
Isuri bivuga guhuza imashini no gutera imiti, ibyo bikarushaho gukaza umurego ikibazo cyo kwangirika kw'ibinyugunyugu. Amazi yihuta cyane cyangwa itangazamakuru ryangiza rishobora kwambura igifuniko gikingira icyapa cya valve, kigashyira ibyuma munsi yigitangazamakuru, bikarushaho kwihuta kwangirika.
2.3.2 Ibisubizo bya ruswa
* Guhitamo ibikoresho
Niba ibidukikije byo hanze byangirika, ibikoresho birwanya ruswa (nk'ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ibishishwa bidasanzwe) bigomba gutoranywa kumubiri wa valve, stem valve, na turbine. Ibi byemeza neza kuramba kwikinyugunyugu ahantu habi.
Mugihe kimwe, kubisabwa birimo imiti yangirika, intebe za PTFE hamwe na plaque ya PTFE isize irashobora gukoreshwa. Ibi bitanga uburinzi bukenewe.
Kubungabunga buri munsi
Reba buri gihe kandi umenye ibimenyetso byambere by ingese, nibindi.
Sukura valve hanyuma ukureho imyanda yose cyangwa kwiyubaka.
Gukoresha ibishishwa birinda cyangwa inhibitori kugirango ukore inzitizi yibintu byangiza bishobora kwagura ubuzima bwa valve.
Uburyo bwiza bwo kwishyiriraho, kwemeza ko valve ihujwe neza kandi ifunzwe neza, irashobora kugabanya imihangayiko kubigize. Irinde ubuhehere n’imiti kwirundanyiriza mu cyuho cyangwa icyuho.
Kugenzura umuvuduko ukabije no gushungura ibice byangiza bishobora gukumira isuri.
Byongeye kandi, kugura ikinyugunyugu kiva mubukora byizewe byemeza ko ibicuruzwa bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa. Kuberako bazubahiriza amahame akomeye yo kugenzura ubuziranenge, amahirwe yizo nenge azagabanuka.
2.4 Gukora inenge za kinyugunyugu
Gukora inenge yibinyugunyugu birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa byabo, kwizerwa n'umutekano.
2.4.1 Inenge zisanzwe
* Gutera inenge
Inenge nkumwobo wumucanga, ibice cyangwa ubuso butaringaniye birashobora guhungabanya uburinganire bwimiterere ya valve. Ikigereranyo kirashobora kwinjira mumubiri wa valve binyuze mumwobo wumucanga, mugihe ibice bishobora gutera kumeneka.
* Ibice bitunganijwe neza,
Disiki idahwitse ya disiki, ibipimo bidahwitse cyangwa ubuso butaringanijwe burashobora kubangamira ubushobozi bwa valve bwo gukomeza kashe ikomeye.
* Ibikoresho bitujuje ibyangombwa
Gukoresha ibikoresho bitujuje ibyangombwa mugihe cyo kubyara birashobora kugabanya igihe kirekire cya valve. Kurugero, guhitamo ibikoresho bidashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe cyangwa imiterere yimiti yibidukikije bikora bishobora gutera kwambara imburagihe cyangwa kwangirika.
* Amakosa yo guterana
Amakosa yinteko mugihe cyibikorwa arashobora gutuma ibice bidahuzwa cyangwa guhuza bigahinduka. Aya makosa ntashobora kugira ingaruka zigaragara mugihe gito. Ariko igihe kirenze, bazagabanya imikorere rusange ya valve.
2.4.2 Ibisubizo byo gukemura inenge
Kugenzura ubuziranenge
Gukemura inenge zinganda bisaba ingamba zifatika zo kugenzura ubuziranenge zashyirwa mubikorwa mugihe cyibikorwa. Ababikora bagomba gukora igenzura ryimbitse kuri buri cyiciro cyumusaruro, kuva guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo kugeza guterana kwanyuma. Uburyo bwo gupima budahwitse nka metallography kugirango tumenye spheroidisation, valve intebe ya kole iboneka, gupima umunaniro, nibindi.
* Kubahiriza ibipimo
Kubahiriza amahame yinganda byemeza ubuziranenge bwumusaruro. Ababikora bagomba gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho washyizweho wo guhitamo ibikoresho, kwihanganira gutunganya, hamwe nuburyo bwo guterana. Gukurikiza aya mahame bigabanya amahirwe yinenge kandi bizamura ubwizerwe muri rusange.
* Imashini n'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho
Gushora imari mumashini yateye imbere hamwe nubuhanga bwo gukora birashobora kunoza neza no kugabanya amakosa. Kurugero, imashini igenzura mudasobwa (CNC) itanga ibipimo byukuri, mugihe sisitemu yo guteranya ikora igabanya amakosa yabantu.
* Amahugurwa y'abakozi
Guhugura abakozi kubikorwa byiza byo gukora birashobora kugabanya inenge. Abakozi bafite ubumenyi bamenyereye gutunganya, guteranya, no kugenzura bifasha kuzamura ireme ry'umusaruro.
2.5 Kwishyiriraho nabi ibinyugunyugu
Kwishyiriraho nabi birashobora gutera ikinyugunyugu kunanirwa, kugabanya imikorere, no kongera amafaranga yo kubungabunga.
2.5.1 Amakosa asanzwe yo kwishyiriraho
* Kudahuza
Iyo valve idahujwe neza numuyoboro, imihangayiko itaringanijwe ikoreshwa mubice nka bolts. Ibi na byo biganisha ku kwambara imburagihe no gutemba.
Byongeye kandi, kwizirika cyane kuri bolts birashobora kwangiza gasike cyangwa guhindura umubiri wa valve, mugihe kutagabanuka bishobora gutera guhuza no gutemba.
* Nta bugenzuzi bwa kabiri mbere yo kwishyiriraho.
Mbere yo kwishyiriraho, birakenewe kugenzura umuyoboro wimyanda, umwanda cyangwa indi myanda ishobora kubuza imikorere ya valve.
2.5.2 Ibisubizo byo kwishyiriraho neza
* Kugenzura mbere yo kwishyiriraho
Reba umuyoboro w'imyanda hanyuma urebe ko ubuso busukuye kugirango wirinde guhagarara.
Reba valve kubintu byose bigaragara cyangwa byangiritse.
Kurikiza amabwiriza yabakozwe.
* Guhuza
Kugenzura niba valve ihujwe neza numuyoboro bigabanya imihangayiko kubigize kandi bikagabanya ibyago byo kumeneka.
Gukoresha igikoresho cyo guhuza birashobora gufasha kugera kumwanya uhamye.
Koresha urumuri rukwiye mugihe cyo gukomera kugirango wirinde gukomera cyangwa kutagabanuka.
2.6 Ibibazo byimikorere
Ibibazo byimikorere hamwe na kinyugunyugu akenshi biganisha kumikorere mibi no gutsindwa imburagihe. Gushakisha intandaro no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo gukosora ninzira zifatizo zo gukomeza imikorere myiza no kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi.
2.6.1 Impamvu zitera ibibazo byimikorere
Abakoresha bakoresha imbaraga zirenze iyo gufungura cyangwa gufunga valve, bishobora kwangiza ibice byimbere. Amagare kenshi arenze igishushanyo mbonera cya valve nayo ashobora kwihutisha kwambara no kugabanya imikorere yayo.
2.6.2 Ibisubizo kubibazo byimikorere
Gukemura ibibazo byimikorere bisaba abakora amahugurwa. Gutanga amahugurwa yuzuye yemeza ko abakozi basobanukirwa imiterere yimiterere ya valve nubuhanga bukwiye bwo gukora
Nibyingenzi kugumya gukora mubikorwa ntarengwa. Gukurikirana umuvuduko nubushyuhe byerekana ko valve ikora nkuko byari byitezwe.
2.7 Kubura Kubungabunga bisanzwe
2.7.1 Ingaruka zo Kubura Kubungabunga
Kubungabunga buri gihe nindi ngingo yingenzi kugirango tumenye neza imikorere nubuzima bwikinyugunyugu. Kwirengagiza iyi myitozo ikomeye akenshi biganisha ku mikorere idahwitse, ingaruka z'umutekano, no gusana bihenze.
Kunanirwa kubungabunga buri gihe kubibinyugunyugu birashobora kuganisha ku ngaruka zitandukanye zitifuzwa. Kurugero, kwangirika kwa kashe, kashe irashobora kwambara kubera guterana amagambo, guhura n’imiti ikaze, cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Niba bidasuzumwe mugihe, kashe yambarwa irashobora gutera kumeneka.
Kwirundanya imyanda nizindi ngaruka zikomeye. Umwanda, ingese, nibindi byanduza bikunze kwirundanyiriza imbere muri valve, bikabuza kugenda kwa valve kandi bikabangamira ubushobozi bwo gufunga. Uku kwegeranya kwihutisha kwambara kubigize.
2.7.2
Kugenzura Inzira
Abakoresha bagomba kugenzura buri gihe ibimenyetso byerekana ko bambaye, ruswa, cyangwa imyanda. Kumenya hakiri kare ibyo bibazo bituma gusana cyangwa gusimburwa mugihe, bikarinda kwangirika.
* Kwoza valve
Kuraho umwanda, ingese, nibindi byanduza bituma imikorere ikora neza kandi bikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwibintu. Kuri valve ikora imiti yangirika, gukoresha igikingirizo gikingira cyangwa inhibitor irashobora gutanga urwego rwinyongera rwo kurinda ruswa.
* Amavuta meza
Gusiga neza birakenewe kugirango ugabanye ubushyamirane kandi urebe neza ko ibice bya valve bigenda neza. Gukoresha amavuta ahuza birinda kwambara bitari ngombwa kandi byongerera ubuzima bwa valve. Abakoresha bagomba guhitamo amavuta akwiye kubisabwa byihariye.
2.8 Gukora no kunanirwa kw'ibiti
Gukora no kunanirwa kurwego rwibinyugunyugu birashobora guhagarika ibikorwa kandi bigatera igihe gito.
2.8.1 Impamvu zitera actuator no kunanirwa kuruti
* Amavuta adahagije
Imyenda ishingiye kumavuta meza kugirango igabanye ubukana no kwambara. Hatariho amavuta, ubushyuhe bukabije hamwe nihungabana birashobora kwiyongera, biganisha kunanirwa imburagihe. Igihe kirenze, amavuta adahagije arashobora kandi gutuma imiyoboro ifata, bigatuma valve idashoboka.
* Kudahuza
Kudahuza mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho cyangwa gukora birashobora gutera impagarara zingana kubintu hamwe nibikoresho bikora. Uku kudahuza kurashobora kwihutisha kwambara no kugabanya imikorere yimikorere ya valve.
* Kurenza urugero
Kuzenguruka cyane kuri valve birenze imipaka yabigenewe nabyo bishobora gutera kunanirwa. Gufungura kenshi no gufunga birashobora gushira muburyo bwimbere hamwe nububiko bwa moteri. Uku kugenda gusubiramo, cyane cyane mubihe byumuvuduko mwinshi, byongera amahirwe yo kunanirwa mumashini.
* Kwinjira
Umwanda, imyanda, cyangwa ubuhehere bwinjira mu giti cya actuator birashobora gutera kwangirika no kwambara.
2.8.2 Ibisubizo kuri actuator no kwihanganira kunanirwa
* Amavuta asanzwe
Gukoresha ubwoko bwiza bwamavuta nkuko byasabwe nuwabikoze bigabanya guterana amagambo kandi birinda ubushyuhe bwinshi.
* Guhuza neza
Guhuza neza mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho ni ngombwa. Kugenzura niba valve na actuator bihujwe neza bigabanya imihangayiko idakenewe kubitwara.
* Kugabanya amagare arenze
Abakoresha bagomba gukurikirana imikoreshereze ya valve kugirango birinde kurenga imipaka yabyo. Kuri porogaramu zisaba gusiganwa ku magare kenshi, guhitamo icyuma cyagenewe gukora cyane-gusiganwa ku magare byerekana kwizerwa.
Ikidodo gikikije actuator nigiti bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe. Reba neza ko kashe irinda umwanda nkumukungugu nubushuhe bifite akamaro. Isuku ya valve nibiyikikije bigabanya ibyago byo kwinjira mumyanda kandi bikarinda ibyingenzi hamwe na moteri.
2.9 Imyanda no kwirundanya
Imyanda hamwe no kwirundanya kwimyanda yibinyugunyugu birashobora gutuma disiki ya valve idasubira kumwanya wambere, kongera amafaranga yo kubungabunga, nibindi bishobora guhungabanya umutekano.
2.9.1 Impamvu zo kwirundanya imyanda
* Isuku nke
Mugihe cyo gushiraho cyangwa kubungabunga, umwanda, ingese, nibindi bice byinjira mumiyoboro. Ibyo bihumanya amaherezo bitura imbere muri valve, bikabuza kugenda no kugabanya imikorere yabyo.
Ibiranga amazi
Amazi menshi cyane cyangwa amazi arimo ibintu byahagaritswe birashobora gusiga ibisigara hejuru yimbere ya valve. Igihe kirenze, ibyo bisigazwa birashobora gukomera no gutera inzitizi, bikabangamira imikorere ya valve. Kurugero, ibice byangiza mumazi yinganda birashobora kwangiza intebe ya valve, bigatuma byoroha imyanda.
Ruswa n'isuri
Icyuma cyangiritse gishobora kubyara ibice bivanze n'amazi, bikongera imyanda imbere muri valve. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, isuri iterwa n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amazi cyangwa abrasives irashobora kwangiza ibice by'imbere bya valve, bigatuma habaho ubuso butanduye umwanda ushobora guturamo.
* Uburyo budakwiye bwo kubungabunga
Kwirengagiza isuku no kugenzura buri gihe birashobora gutuma habaho kwirundanyiriza hamwe umwanda.
2.9.2 Ibisubizo byo gukumira imyanda
* Kugenzura buri gihe no gusukura imiyoboro na valve
Abakoresha bagomba kugenzura buri gihe ibibujijwe, kwambara cyangwa kwangirika byatewe nuwanduye. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu igomba guhanagurwa buri gihe kugirango ikureho umwanda, ingese nibindi byanduza. Ku miyoboro itwara amazi arimo ibintu byahagaritswe, gushiraho ecran cyangwa gushungura hejuru ya valve birashobora gufasha gufata imyanda mbere yuko igera kuri valve.
* Guhitamo ibikoresho
Gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya ruswa nk'icyuma kitagira umwanda cyangwa ibishishwa bidasanzwe bishobora kugabanya kubyara ibice by'imbere. Ibi bikoresho kandi birwanya neza amazi yangiza, birinda isuri no kwirundanya kwimyanda.
* Uburyo bwiza bwo kwishyiriraho
Kugenzura umuyoboro wumwanda n imyanda mbere yo gushiraho valve birinda umwanda kwinjira muri sisitemu. Guhuza neza na valve no kuyifata neza bigabanya icyuho aho imyanda ishobora gutura.
3. Incamake
Kunanirwa kw'ikinyugunyugu n'ibisubizo byabyo akenshi bituruka kubibazo nko kumeneka, kwambara, kwangirika no kwishyiriraho bidakwiye. Ingamba zifatika zitanga imikorere myiza no kugabanya guhagarika. Kubungabunga buri gihe, kwishyiriraho neza no guhitamo ibikoresho bihuye nibyingenzi kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa valve. Kugisha inama utanga ikinyugunyugu cyumwuga no gukurikiza amabwiriza birashobora kunoza kwizerwa no kugabanya igihe cyateganijwe.