Mu rwego rwo kugenzura amazi mu nganda,valve z'ibinyugunyugubigira uruhare runini mu kugenzura, kuyobora no gutandukanya urujya n'uruza rw'amazi, imyuka n'ibitonyanga mu miyoboro. Valve y'ibinyugunyugu ifite flange ni ubwoko bumwe bw'ubwoko bw'imiyoboro, ifite flanges z'ingenzi ku mpera zombi z'umubiri w'valve, bigatuma habaho guhuza imiyoboro y'imiyoboro neza.
Uburyo bwo kuzenguruka igice cya kane cy'umuvudukovalve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite flangeBitandukanya na za valve zigororotse nka za valve zo mu rugi cyangwa globe, bitanga inyungu mu muvuduko no gukoresha neza umwanya.
Iyi nkuru izasuzuma mu buryo burambuye uburyo bwo gushyiramo amabati y’ibinyugunyugu, ikubiyemo imiterere yabyo, ubwoko bwabyo, ibikoresho byabyo, uburyo bikoreshwamo, ibyiza n’ibibi byabyo, uko byashyirwamo, kubungabungwa, kugereranya n’andi mabati, ndetse n’uburyo bizagenda mu gihe kizaza.
1. Ibisobanuro n'amahame ngenderwaho y'imikorere
Valve y'ibinyugunyugu ifite flange ni valve izenguruka ya dogere 90 irangwa na disiki igenzura amazi anyura mu mizingo. Igice cy'iyi valve gifite flanges ku mpera zombi kugira ngo ihuze neza n'umuyoboro. Valve z'ibinyugunyugu zifite flanges zizamutse cyangwa zirambuye zifite imyobo y'ibinyugunyugu, zitanga ihuriro rikomeye kandi rihamye rikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo bwo hasi, buringaniye, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse n'ubugari buto, buringaniye, n'ubunini.
Ihame ry'imikorere ni ryoroshye kandi rifite akamaro. Valve igizwe n'umubiri wa valve, disiki ya valve, inkingi ya valve, intebe ya valve, na actuator. Iyo umugozi cyangwa vitesi bikoreshejwe, cyangwa inkingi ya valve ikazunguruka hakoreshejwe actuator yikora, disiki ya valve izunguruka kuva ahantu hareshya n'inzira y'amazi (ifunguye neza) ikagera ahantu hagororotse (ifunze neza). Mu mwanya ufunguye, disiki ya valve ihujwe n'umurongo w'imiyoboro, bigabanyiriza ubukana bw'amazi n'igitutu. Iyo ifunze, disiki ya valve ifunga intebe iri imbere mu mubiri wa valve.
Ubu buryo butuma habaho gukora kwihuse kwa valve, akenshi bisaba kuzunguruka kwa dogere 90 gusa, bigatuma yihuta kurusha valve zizunguruka inshuro nyinshi. Valve z'ibinyugunyugu zifite flanged zishobora kwihanganira gutembera mu cyerekezo cy'ibice bibiri kandi akenshi ziba zifite intebe zikomeye cyangwa iz'icyuma kugira ngo zifungwe neza. Imiterere yazo ituma zikwiriye cyane cyane sisitemu zisaba guhindurwa kenshi cyangwa aho umwanya ari muto.
2. Ibice bigize
Ibice by'ingenzi birimo:
- Umubiri w'ingufu: Inzu yo hanze, ubusanzwe iba ifite imiterere ibiri, itanga uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere yayo kandi ikagiramo ibice by'imbere. Ibyuma bya karuboni bikoreshwa muri rusange, icyuma kidashonga mu kurwanya ingese, umuringa wa nikeli-aluminiyumu mu bidukikije byo mu mazi, n'icyuma cya alloy mu bihe bikomeye.
- Disiki ya Valve:Ikintu kizenguruka, kiboneka mu buryo bworoshye cyangwa butambitse, kigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi. Disiki ishobora gushyirwa hagati cyangwa hagati kugira ngo yongere imikorere. Icyuma kidasesagura, aluminium bronze, cyangwa gisizwe na nylon kugira ngo cyongere ubushobozi bwo kwangirika.
- Igiti: Umugozi uhuza disiki ya valve na actuator wohereza imbaraga zo kuzenguruka. Ibyuma bitaza umuvuduko cyangwa aloyi zikomeye zihanganira torque.
Ibiti bikoresha icyuma kinyura mu mwobo cyangwa ibice bibiri bikunze gukoreshwa, bifite ibifunga kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ava.
- Intebe: Ubuso bwo gufunga bukozwe mu bikoresho bya elastomeric nka EPDM cyangwa PTFE. EPDM (-20°Kuva kuri F kugeza kuri 250°F), BUNA-N (0°Kuva kuri F kugeza kuri 200°F), Viton (-10°Kuva kuri F kugeza kuri 400°F), cyangwa PTFE (-100°Kuva kuri F kugeza kuri 450°F) ikoreshwa mu gufunga ibintu byoroshye; ibikoresho by'icyuma nk'icyuma kitagira umugese cyangwa Inconel bikoreshwa mu gufunga ibintu bikomeye bishyushye cyane.
- Actuator: Bikoreshwa n'intoki (n'umukingo, ibikoresho) cyangwa hakoreshejwe ingufu (n'umwuka, amashanyarazi).
- Gupakira no gushyiramo gasket: Menya neza ko hagati y'ibice by'icyuma n'aho icyuma gihurira hadafunguka neza.
Ibi bice bikorana kugira ngo bitange uburyo bwo kugenzura amazi neza.
3. Ubwoko bwa valve z'ibinyugunyugu zifite flanged
Vali z'ibinyugunyugu zifite flanged zishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bikurikira hashingiwe ku miterere ya disiki, uburyo bwo kuyikoresha, n'ubwoko bw'umubiri.
3.1 Guhuza
- Ifite imiterere y'inyuma (zero offset): Uduti twa valve duca hagati muri disiki kandi dufite intebe ikomeye. Iyi valve ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukoresha umuvuduko muto hamwe n'ubushyuhe bugera kuri dogere 250°F.
- Guhagarika kabiri: Igice cy'imvange gihagaze inyuma ya disiki no hanze yayo, bigabanyiriza ubusakare bw'intebe. Iyi mvange ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo buri hagati n'ubushyuhe bugera kuri dogere 400°F.
- Impande eshatu: Inguni y'intebe yiyongera ikora ikimenyetso cy'icyuma kuva ku cyuma. Iyi valve ikwiriye gukoreshwa ku gitutu kinini (kugeza ku cyiciro cya 600) no ku bushyuhe bwinshi (kugeza ku 1200).°F) ikoreshwa kandi ryujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo amazi adasohoka neza.
3.2 Uburyo bwo gukoresha
Ubwoko bw'imikorere burimo intoki, umwuka, amashanyarazi, na hydraulic kugira ngo buhuze n'ibikenewe mu mikorere itandukanye.
4. Porogaramu zo gukoresha mu nganda
Udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu dufite flanged tukoreshwa cyane mu nzego zikurikira:
- Gutunganya amazi n'amazi yanduye: Bikoreshwa mu kugenzura amazi atemba mu nganda zitunganya amazi no mu buryo bwo kuyahindura. - Gutunganya imiti: Gutunganya aside, alkali, n'ibintu bishongesha amazi bisaba ibikoresho birwanya ingese.
- Amavuta na Gazi: Gukoresha imiyoboro yo gutunganya peteroli, gaze karemano, n'imiyoboro yo kuyitunganya.
- Sisitemu za HVAC: Zigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka n'amazi mu miyoboro y'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje.
- Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi: Icunga umwuka ushyushye, amazi akonje, na lisansi.
- Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa: Igishushanyo mbonera cy'isuku cyo gukoresha amazi adafite aside.
- Imiti: Kugenzura neza ahantu hadakoreshejwe imiti.
- Marine & Pulp & Paper: Ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi yo mu nyanja, impumuro, n'imiti.
5. Ibyiza n'ibibi bya Flange Butterfly Valves
5.1 Ibyiza:
- Iciriritse kandi yoroheje, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyishyiraho n'ibisabwa mu mwanya.
- Gukora vuba mu gihembwe cy'imyitozo no gusubiza vuba.
- Igiciro gito ku ngano nini.
- Gutakaza umuvuduko muke iyo bifunguye, bikoresha ingufu nke kandi bigakora neza.
- Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu guhinduranya amazi hamwe n'imikorere myiza yo gufunga.
- Byoroshye kubungabunga kandi bihuye na sisitemu zikora ku buryo bwikora.
5.2 Ingaruka mbi:
- Disiki ya valve ifunga inzira y'amazi iyo ifunguye, bigatuma habaho gutakaza umuvuduko. - Ubushobozi buke bwo gufunga mu gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, bishobora gutera gucika kw'amazi.
- Intebe zoroshye za valve zangirika vuba mu buryo bworoshye.
- Gufunga vuba cyane bishobora gutuma amazi agwa.
- Imiterere imwe n'imwe isaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gutangira, igasaba actuators zikomeye.
6. Uburyo bwo gushyiraho Valve y'Ikinyugunyugu
Mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, shyira flange ya valve n'flange y'umuyoboro, urebe neza ko imyobo y'amaboliti ihuye.
Shyiramo gasket yo gufunga.
Ushyireho bolts n'imbuto, uzihambire neza kugira ngo wirinde guhindagurika.
Valive zifite imiterere ibiri zisaba ko impande zombi zihuzwa icyarimwe; valive zo mu bwoko bwa lug zishobora gufungirwa uruhande rumwe icyarimwe.
Reba ubwisanzure bwa disiki mu kugenda kwayo ukoresheje amagare ya valve mbere yo kuyitera umuvuduko.
Iyo ishyizwemo ihagaze, inkingi ya valve igomba gushyirwa mu buryo butambitse kugira ngo hirindwe ko imyanda yiyongera.
Buri gihe kurikiza amabwiriza y'uwakoze imashini n'amahame ngenderwaho yo gupima nka API 598.
7. Amahame ngenderwaho n'amabwiriza
Vali z'ibinyugunyugu zifite flangedigomba kubahiriza amahame y'umutekano n'imikoranire:
- Igishushanyo: API 609, EN 593, ASME B16.34. - Kwipimisha: API 598, EN 12266-1, ISO 5208.
- Flanges: ASME B16.5, DIN, JIS.
- Impamyabumenyi: CE, SIL3, API 607?(umutekano w'inkongi y'umuriro).
8. Kugereranya n'izindi Valves
Ugereranyije na valve zo mu irembo, valve z'ibinyugunyugu zikora vuba kandi zitanga ubushobozi bwo gufunga, ariko ntizirwanya gutemba cyane.
Ugereranyije na valve z'umupira, zirahendutse cyane ku ngano nini, ariko zitakaza umuvuduko mwinshi mu gihe cyo gufungura.
Vali zo mu bwoko bwa Globe zitanga uburyo bwo kuzunguza neza, ariko ni nini kandi zirahenze cyane.
Muri rusange, uturindantoki tw’ibinyugunyugu turakora neza mu gukoresha ahantu hato kandi bihendutse.