1. Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ya EN593 ni iki?
Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ya EN593 yerekeza ku cyuma cy'ikinyugunyugu cyakozwe kandi kigakorwa hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya BS EN 593:2017, cyitwa “Valves z'inganda - Valves z'ikinyugunyugu rusange.” Iyi ngero yashyizwe ahagaragara n'Ikigo cy'Ubuziranenge cy'Ubwongereza (BSI) kandi ijyanye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'i Burayi (EN), itanga urwego rurambuye rw'igishushanyo, ibikoresho, ingano, igeragezwa, n'imikorere y'amavalves y'ikinyugunyugu.
Valve z'ibinyugunyugu za EN593 zirangwa n'imibiri yazo y'ibyuma n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuzihuza, nka wafer-type, lug-type, cyangwa double-flanged. Izi valve z'ibinyugunyugu zishobora gukora mu bihe bitandukanye by'umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe. Iri hame ryemeza ko valve zujuje ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo zigire umutekano, zirambe, zihuze kandi zigire icyizere.
2. Ibiranga by'ingenzi bya EN593 Butterfly Valves
* Imikorere ya kimwe cya kane: Valve z'ibinyugunyugu zikora zizunguruka disiki ya valve kuri dogere 90, bigatuma habaho kugenzura vuba kandi neza amazi anyuramo.
* Igishushanyo mbonera gito: Ugereranyije na valve zo mu irembo, valve zo mu mupira, cyangwa valve zo mu isanzure, valve z'ibinyugunyugu zoroshye kandi zigabanya umwanya, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane mu kuzishyiramo ahantu hato.
* Imiyoboro itandukanye: Iboneka mu buryo bwa wafer, lug, double flange, single flange, cyangwa U-type designs, ijyanye na sisitemu zitandukanye z'imiyoboro.
* Ubudahangarwa n'ingese: Byubakishijwe ibikoresho byiza birwanya ingese kugira ngo birambe mu bidukikije.
* Torque nke: Yagenewe kugabanya ibisabwa kuri torque, ituma ikoranabuhanga rikoresha actuators ntoya kandi rigagabanya ikiguzi.
* Gufunga nta gusohoka: Valve nyinshi za EN593 zifite intebe zoroshye cyangwa intebe z'icyuma, zitanga gufunga gufunga nk'ibiceri kugira ngo zikore neza.
3. BS EN 593: 2017 Ibisobanuro birambuye
Guhera mu 2025, BS EN 593 standard yafashe verisiyo yo mu 2017. EN593 ni ubuyobozi bwuzuye ku mavali y'ibinyugunyugu by'icyuma, igaragaza ibisabwa nibura mu gushushanya, ibikoresho, ingano, no gupima. Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro irambuye ku bikubiye muri iyi standard, ishyigikiwe n'amakuru y'inganda.
3.1. Ingano y'ibipimo ngenderwaho
BS EN 593:2017 ikoreshwa ku mvange z'ibinyugunyugu z'icyuma mu bikorwa rusange, harimo no kuzitandukanya, kuzigenzura, cyangwa kuzigenzura. Itwikira ubwoko butandukanye bw'zivange zifite aho zihurira n'imiyoboro, nko:
* Ubwoko bwa Wafer: Ifatanye hagati y'udupira tubiri, ifite imiterere mito n'igishushanyo mbonera cyoroheje.
* Ubwoko bw'agakingirizo: Gafite imyobo yo gushyiramo imigozi, ikwiriye gukoreshwa ku mpera z'imiyoboro.
* Ifite imigozi ibiri: Ifite imigozi ifatanye, ihambiriye ku migozi.
* Ifite flange imwe: Ifite flanges z’ingenzi ku murongo wo hagati w’umubiri wa valve.
* Ubwoko bwa U: Ubwoko bwihariye bwa valve yo mu bwoko bwa wafer ifite impera ebyiri z'urukiramende n'ibipimo bito bireba imbonankubone.
3.2. Ingano y'umuvuduko n'ingano
BS EN 593:2017 igaragaza igitutu n'ingano y'udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu:
* Ibipimo by'umuvuduko:
- PN 2.5, PN 6, PN 10, PN 16, PN 25, PN 40, PN 63, PN 100, PN 160 (ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'i Burayi).
- Icyiciro cya 150, Icyiciro cya 300, Icyiciro cya 600, Icyiciro cya 900 (Isuzuma ry'umuvuduko wa ASME).
* Ingano:
- DN 20 kugeza DN 4000 (umurambararo muto, hafi santimetero 3/4 kugeza santimetero 160).
3.3. Ibisabwa mu gushushanya no gukora
Iri hame rigena ibipimo ngenderwaho byihariye byo gushushanya kugira ngo harebwe ko valve ikora neza kandi ikora neza:
* Ibikoresho by'umubiri w'imvange: Imvange zigomba gukorwa mu bikoresho by'icyuma nka icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, icyuma cya karuboni (ASTM A216 WCB), icyuma kitagira umugese (ASTM A351 CF8/CF8M), cyangwa umuringa wa aluminiyumu (C95800).
* Imiterere ya disiki ya valve: Disiki ya valve ishobora kuba iri hagati cyangwa idasanzwe (itandukanye kugira ngo igabanye ubusaza n'imbaraga z'intebe).
* Ibikoresho by'intebe y'abarinda: Intebe z'abarinda zishobora kuba zikozwe mu bikoresho bya elastic (nk'umupira cyangwa PTFE) cyangwa ibikoresho by'icyuma, bitewe n'uburyo zikoreshwa. Intebe z'abarinda zitanga umugozi wo gufunga nta gusohoka, mu gihe intebe z'icyuma nazo zigomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ingufu uretse kutagira gusohoka.
* Ibipimo by'imbonankubone: Bigomba kubahiriza amahame ya EN 558-1 cyangwa ISO 5752 kugira ngo bihuze n'imiyoboro y'amazi.
* Ingano za Flange: Ihuye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho nka EN 1092-2 (PN10/PN16), ANSI B16.1, ASME B16.5, cyangwa BS 10 Table D/E, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa valve.
* Actuator: Valves zishobora gukoreshwa n'intoki (mu gikoresho cyangwa mu gikoresho cy'imashini) cyangwa zigakoreshwa mu buryo bwikora (actuator y'umwuka, amashanyarazi, cyangwa hydraulic). Flange yo hejuru igomba kubahiriza amahame ya ISO 5211 kugira ngo actuator ishyirweho mu buryo busanzwe.
3.4. Gupima no kugenzura
Kugira ngo harebwe ubuziranenge n'imikorere, BS EN 593:2017 isaba igeragezwa rikomeye:
* Ikizamini cy'umuvuduko wa Hydraulic: Gisuzuma ko valve idafite umuvuduko uva ku gitutu cyagenwe.
* Ikizamini cy'imikorere: Gituma imikorere igenda neza kandi ikagira imbaraga zikwiye mu gihe cy'igeragezwa.
* Ikizamini cyo gusohoka: Emeza ko intebe ya valve ifunze neza nk'iy'umukara hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya EN 12266-1 cyangwa API 598.
* Icyemezo cy'igenzura: Uruganda rugomba gutanga raporo z'ibizamini n'igenzura kugira ngo rurebe ko rwujuje ibisabwa.
3.5. Imikoreshereze ya EN593 Butterfly Valves
* Gutunganya amazi: Kugenzura no gutandukanya amazi meza atandukanye, amazi yo mu nyanja, cyangwa amazi yanduye. Ibikoresho n'amabara birwanya ingese bituma biba byiza ahantu habi.
* Inganda zikora imiti n'ibinyabutabire: Gutunganya ibinyabutabire byangiza nk'aside, alkali, n'ibintu bishongesha, bikungukirwa n'ibikoresho nk'intebe za PTFE na disiki za valve zikozwe muri PFA.
* Peteroli na Gazi: Gucunga amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ashyushye cyane mu miyoboro, mu nganda zitunganya imyanda, no mu nyubako zo mu mazi. Imiterere y’ibicuruzwa bibiri irakundwa kubera ko iramba muri ibi bihe.
* Sisitemu za HVAC: Kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka, amazi, cyangwa firigo mu buryo bushyushya no gukonjesha.
* Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi: Kugenzura umwuka ushyushye, amazi akonje, cyangwa ibindi bintu bikoreshwa mu nganda zitanga amashanyarazi.
* Inganda zikora ibiribwa n'imiti: Gukoresha ibikoresho byemewe na FDA (nka PTFE na EPDM yemewe na WRA) kugira ngo habeho imikorere idafite umwanda kandi yuzuze amahame y'isuku.
3.6. Kubungabunga no kugenzura
Kugira ngo ikore neza igihe kirekire, valves za EN593 zikenera kwitabwaho buri gihe:
* Inshuro zo kugenzura: Genzura buri mezi atandatu kugeza ku mwaka umwe niba nta byangiritse, ingese, cyangwa ibibazo by'imikorere.
* Gusiga amavuta: Kugabanya gukururana no kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bwa valve.
* Igenzura ry'Intebe n'Iseti bya Valve: Genzura neza intebe za Valve zikozwe mu cyuma cyangwa zikozwe mu cyuma kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ava.
* Kubungabunga Actuator: Menya neza ko actuator zikoresha umwuka cyangwa amashanyarazi zidafite imyanda kandi zikora neza.
4. Kugereranya n'andi mahame API 609
Nubwo BS EN 593 ikoreshwa mu nganda rusange, itandukanye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho bya API 609, byagenewe by'umwihariko ikoreshwa rya peteroli na gaze. Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi ririmo:
* Icyibandwaho mu ikoreshwa: API 609 yibanda ku bidukikije peteroli na gaze, mu gihe BS EN 593 ikubiyemo inganda nyinshi, harimo gutunganya amazi n'inganda rusange.
* Ibipimo by'umuvuduko: API 609 isanzwe ikubiyemo icyerekezo cya 150 kugeza ku cyiciro cya 2500, mu gihe BS EN 593 ikubiyemo PN 2.5 kugeza kuri PN 160 n'icyerekezo cya 150 kugeza ku cyiciro cya 900.
* Igishushanyo: API 609 ishimangira ibikoresho birwanya ingese kugira ngo bihangane n’ibihe bikomeye, mu gihe BS EN 593 yemerera guhitamo ibikoresho byoroshye.
* Isuzuma: Amabwiriza yombi asaba isuzuma rikomeye, ariko API 609 irimo ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo habeho igishushanyo mbonera kidashya, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu ikoreshwa rya peteroli na gaze.
5. Umwanzuro
| Ikiranga | Ingingo z'ingenzi zasobanuwe na EN 593 |
| Ubwoko bwa Valve | Utugozi tw'ibinyugunyugu tw'icyuma |
| Igikorwa | Amaboko, ibikoresho, umwuka, amashanyarazi |
| Ibipimo by'imbonankubone | Nk’uko bivugwa muri EN 558 Series 20 (wafer/lug) cyangwa Series 13/14 (ifite flanged) |
| Igipimo cy'umuvuduko | Ubusanzwe PN 6, PN 10, PN 16 (ishobora gutandukana) |
| Ubushyuhe bw'igishushanyo | Biterwa n'ibikoresho byakoreshejwe |
| Guhuza Flange | EN 1092-1 (PN flanges), ISO 7005 |
| Amabwiriza y'Ibizamini | EN 12266-1 yo gupima igitutu n'amazi asohoka |
Amahame ngenderwaho ya BS EN 593:2017 atanga urwego rukomeye rwo gushushanya, gukora, no gupima valves z'ibyuma by'ibinyugunyugu, bigamije kwemeza ko zizewe, zifite umutekano, kandi zikora neza mu buryo butandukanye. Mu kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amahame ngenderwaho ku bipimo by'umuvuduko, ingano, ibikoresho, n'ibizamini, abakora valves bashobora gukora valves zujuje ibisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Waba ukeneye valve z'ibinyugunyugu zo mu bwoko bwa wafer, lug-type, cyangwa double-flanged butterfly, kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho bya EN 593 bitanga uburyo bwo guhuza neza, kuramba, no kugenzura neza amazi.